As Gaza patiently waited on an expected delivery of medicine for hostages in return for humanitarian aid Wednesday, Israel ramped up strikes on the southern part of the war-torn Palestinian territory.

Airstrikes and artillery fire targeted Khan Younis throughout the night, said an AFP correspondent in the southern Gaza Strip's biggest city.

"It was the most difficult and intense night in Khan Younis since the start of the war," said the Gazan government, whose Health Ministry reported at least 81 deaths across the enclave.

Israel's war has ravaged Gaza since Hamas's unprecedented Oct. 7 incursion that resulted in the death of about 1,140 people, according to an AFP tally based on official Israeli figures.

At least 24,448 Palestinians, about 70% of them women, young children and adolescents, have been killed in Israeli bombardments and ground assaults, according to the Gaza Health Ministry's latest figures.

Members of Hamas and other Palestinian resistance groups seized about 250 hostages during the Oct. 7 attacks and around 132 remain in Gaza, including at least 27 believed to have been killed.

The fate of those still in captivity has gripped Israeli society while a broader humanitarian crisis in Gaza marked by the threat of famine and disease has fuelled international calls for a cease-fire.

Medicine for hostages

The agreement announced Tuesday allowing medicines to reach the hostages and aid to enter the besieged Palestinian territory was brokered by Qatar and France.

Under the deal, "medicine along with other humanitarian aid is to be delivered to civilians in Gaza ... in exchange for delivering medication needed for Israeli captives in Gaza," Qatar's Foreign Ministry said.

Ministry spokesperson Majid al-Ansari said the medicines and aid would leave Doha on Wednesday for the Egyptian city of El-Arish before being transported to Gaza.

The office of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu confirmed the deal, under which 45 hostages are expected to receive medication.

Once the drugs arrive at a hospital in the Gaza border town of Rafah, they are to be handed over to the International Committee of the Red Cross, divided into batches and immediately transferred to the hostages, France said.

Hamas released dozens of hostages in exchange for Palestinian prisoners held by Israel during a November cease-fire mediated by Qatar, which hosts the group's political office.

U.S. National Security Council spokesman John Kirby said he was hopeful Qatar-brokered talks could lead to another such deal "soon."

'Why are they doing this?'

At the Abu Yussef al-Najjar hospital in Rafah, Palestinians stood in front of bodies wrapped in shrouds, mourning the loss of loved ones killed in an overnight Israeli strike.

"Why are they doing this? They are destroying us," Umm Muhammad Abu Odeh, a woman displaced from the north Gaza town of Beit Hanun, told AFP.

The Israelis "told us to go south, and we came here ... but there is no safe place in Gaza, neither in the north, nor in the south, nor the middle.

"Everything is being struck. Everywhere is dangerous."

The United Nations says the war has displaced roughly 85% of Gaza's 2.4 million people, many of whom have been forced to crowd into shelters and struggle to get food, water, fuel and medical care.

In Tel Aviv, anti-war protesters scuffled with police Tuesday night, as some held up signs reading "End the siege" and "Stop the genocide."

"Civilians are getting killed by the Israeli bombings," said protester Michal Sapri. "It leads to nothing. Our hostages are still there. We're not going to release them (through) more military power."

The Israeli public has kept up intense pressure on Netanyahu's government to secure the return of the hostages, with officials repeatedly insisting military pressure is necessary to bring about any kind of deal.

On Tuesday, an Israeli kibbutz confirmed two hostages whose deaths were announced by Hamas in a video had been killed in Gaza.

West Bank violence

Violence has also surged in the Israeli-occupied West Bank since October 7 to a level not seen since the second Palestinian intifada, or uprising, between 2000 and 2005.

On Wednesday the Palestinian Red Crescent Society said an Israeli strike killed four people in the city of Tulkarem, in the north of the Palestinian territory.

The Israeli army said separately it killed a top Palestinian target in an airstrike in the West Bank.

An AFP correspondent saw a pile of debris and mangled remains of a car that was hit in the strike near the Balata camp in the northern city of Nablus.

Israeli army raids and attacks by settlers have killed around 350 people in the territory, according to an AFP tally based on sources from both sides.

Fears are mounting that the Israeli conflict will trigger an all-out war across the Middle East, with growing violence involving allies of the Iran-backed Hamas.

The U.S. military said it carried out fresh strikes in Yemen on Tuesday after the country's Houthi rebels claimed another missile attack on a cargo ship in the Red Sea.

It came just days after the United States and Britain bombed scores of targets inside Houthi-controlled Yemen in response to attacks by the rebels, who say they are targeting Israeli-linked shipping in the Red Sea in solidarity with Gaza.