The U.K. mourns Britain's longest-reigning monarch Queen Elizabeth II, leaving flowers and personal tributes outside the palace gates and churches and gun salutes while preparing for a new age under a new king
Bells tolled around the United Kingdom on Friday and mourners flocked to palace gates to honor Queen Elizabeth II as the country undergoes a period of national mourning and heralds the reign of King Charles III.
Charles III, who spent much of his 73 years preparing for the role, planned to meet with the prime minister and address a nation grieving the only British monarch most of the world had known. He takes the throne in an era of uncertainty for both his country and the monarchy itself.
As the country began a 10-day mourning period, people around the globe gathered at British Embassies to pay homage to the queen, who died Thursday in Balmoral Castle in Scotland. A 96-gun salute was planned in London – one for each year of the queen’s long life. In Britain and across its former colonies, the widespread admiration for Elizabeth herself was occasionally mixed with scorn for the institution and the imperial history she represented.
On the king's first full day of duties Friday, he left Balmoral and took off from Aberdeen, Scotland, for London, where he's expected to meet Prime Minister Liz Truss, appointed just this week. In the evening, he will deliver a speech to the nation as many Britons are preoccupied with an energy crisis, the soaring cost of living, the war in Ukraine and the fallout from Brexit.
He will make his first televised address as king at 6 p.m. (5 p.m. GMT) before being formally proclaimed king to the public at 11 a.m. Saturday morning.
Hundreds of people arrived through the night to leave flowers outside the gates of Buckingham Palace, the monarch's London home, or simply to pause and reflect.
The government declared a period of national mourning which would continue until the state funeral. An online book of condolence was also opened.
Finance worker Giles Cudmore said the queen had "just been a constant through everything, everything good and bad."
"She’s just been the foundation of my life, the country," he said.
Everyday politics was put on hold, with lawmakers paying tribute to the monarch in Parliament over two days, beginning with a special session where Truss said the queen's death has caused a "heartfelt outpouring of grief."
Meanwhile, many sporting and cultural events were canceled as a mark of respect, and some businesses - including Selfridges department store and the Legoland amusement park – shut their doors. The Bank of England postponed its meeting by a week.
Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby said the queen's death marked an "enormous shift" for Britain and the world.
"A part of our lives we’ve taken for granted as being permanent is no longer there," he said.
But while Elizabeth’s death portends a monumental shift, day-to-day life in Britain went on Friday, with children in school and adults at work and facing concerns about rising inflation.
Elizabeth was Britain’s longest-reigning monarch and a symbol of constancy in a turbulent era that saw the decline of the British empire and disarray in her own family. Members of the royal family had rushed to her side at the family’s summer residence in Balmoral after her health took a turn for the worse.
On Friday, Truss and other senior ministers are expected to attend a remembrance service at St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. Charles, who became the monarch immediately upon his mother's death, will then be formally proclaimed king at a special ceremony Saturday.
After a vigil in Edinburgh, the queen’s coffin will be brought to London, and she will lie in state for several days before her funeral in Westminster Abbey.
As the second Elizabethan Age came to a close Thursday, the BBC played the national anthem, "God Save the Queen," over a portrait of the monarch in full regalia as her death was announced. The flag over Buckingham Palace was lowered to half-staff. And in one of the many shifts to come, the anthem played Friday was "God Save the King."
Waking up to their first day without a woman once described by her grandson Harry as "the nation's grandmother," members of the public began gathering again outside Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle to lay flowers and take photos of the growing memorials.
Billboards across the city displayed messages of condolence and newspapers ran front-page photo tributes to the queen.
Buckingham Palace said there would a period of mourning to be observed by members of the family and the royal household until a week after the funeral, the date of which has not yet been confirmed but is expected in about 10 days' time.
Unpredictable loss for U.K.
The impact of Elizabeth's loss will be unpredictable for Britain. She helped stabilize and modernize the monarchy across decades of enormous social change, but its relevance in the 21st century has often been called into question. The public’s abiding affection for the queen had helped sustain support for the monarchy during the family scandals, but Charles is nowhere near as popular.
"Charles can never replace her, you know, and that makes sense," said 31-year-old Londoner Mariam Sherwani.
Like many mourners, she referred to Elizabeth as a grandmother figure. Others compared her to their mothers or great-grandmothers.
But around the world, her passing revealed conflicting emotions about the nation and institutions she represented. In Ireland, some soccer fans cheered.
In India, once the "jewel in the crown" of the British empire, entrepreneur Dhiren Singh described his own personal sadness at her death, but added, "I do not think we have any place for kings and queens in today’s world."
In the years after she became queen in Kenya, tens of thousands of ethnic Kikuyu were rounded up in camps by British colonizers under threat from the local Mau Mau rebellion. Across the continent, nations rejected British rule and chose independence in her first decade on the throne.
She led a power that at times was criticized as lecturing African nations on democracy but denying many of their citizens the visas to visit Britain and experience it firsthand.
The changing of the guard also comes at a fraught moment for Britain – with the country facing recession and just after a brand-new prime minister took the reins. Truss, appointed by the queen 48 hours earlier, called Elizabeth "the rock on which modern Britain was built."
World leaders extended condolences and paid tribute to the queen.
In Canada, where the British monarch is the country’s head of state, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s eyes were red with emotion as he saluted her "wisdom, compassion and warmth." Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi tweeted: "She personified dignity and decency in public life. Pained by her demise."
U.S. President Joe Biden called her a "stateswoman of unmatched dignity and constancy who deepened the bedrock alliance between the United Kingdom and the United States."
Since Feb. 6, 1952, Elizabeth had reigned over a Britain that rebuilt from a destructive and financially exhausting war and lost its empire; joined the European Union and then left it; and made the painful transition into the 21st century. She was a reassuring presence even for those who ignored or loathed the monarchy.
She became less visible in her final years as age and frailty curtailed many public appearances. But she remained at the center of national life as Britain celebrated her Platinum Jubilee with days of parties and pageants in June.
On Tuesday, she presided at a ceremony at Balmoral Castle to accept the resignation of Boris Johnson as prime minister and appoint Truss as his successor.
Pledged to serve
She was crowned in June the following year. The first televised coronation was a foretaste of a new world in which the lives of the royals were to become increasingly scrutinized by the media.
"I have in sincerity pledged myself to your service, as so many of you are pledged to mine. Throughout all my life and with all my heart I shall strive to be worthy of your trust," she said in a speech to her subjects on her coronation day.
Despite reputedly only being about 5 feet 3 inches (161 centimeters) tall, she commanded any room she entered. Famed for her bright outfits, she is said to have quipped: "I have to be seen to be believed."
Elizabeth became monarch at a time when Britain still retained much of its old empire. It was emerging from the ravages of World War II, with food rationing still in force and class and privilege still dominant in society.
Winston Churchill was Britain's prime minister at the time, Josef Stalin led the Soviet Union and the Korean War was raging.
In the decades that followed, Elizabeth witnessed massive political change and social upheaval at home and abroad. Her own family's tribulations, most notably the divorce of Charles and his late first wife Diana, were played out in full public glare.
While remaining an enduring symbol of stability and continuity for Britons at a time of relative national economic decline, Elizabeth also tried to adapt the ancient institution of monarchy to the demands of the modern era.
"She has managed to modernize and evolve the monarchy like no other," her grandson Prince William, who is now heir to the throne, said in a 2012 documentary.