President Joe Biden plans to reform the U.S. Supreme Court as he reaches the end of his tenure, with the goal of reversing the top court's recent ruling on Donald Trump's claims of presidential immunity.
In proposals backed by Vice President Kamala Harris, the presumptive Democratic election nominee, Biden called for 18-year term limits for the top court's justices and an enforceable ethics code.
The 81-year-old also wants a constitutional amendment to reverse the court's recent ruling backing Republican nominee and former president Trump's claims of presidential immunity.
Biden told reporters that the Supreme Court "needs reform," as he left the White House to head for Austin, Texas where he will give a speech on his plans.
The president's move comes after a series of shock Supreme Court decisions -- such as the 2022 repeal of the nationwide right to abortion -- and following a host of scandals involving the top court's lifetime-appointed justices.
The plans have almost no hope of getting through a deeply divided U.S. Congress but could motivate Democratic voters in the November 2024 election, from which Biden dropped out just over a week ago.
He separately said in an opinion piece in the Washington Post that his proposals would reflect that "no one is above the law."
"What is happening now is not normal, and it undermines the public's confidence in the court's decisions, including those impacting personal freedoms," Biden said in the piece.
Biden had confirmed he would seek the reforms during an Oval Office address last week outlining his priorities for his remaining months in the White House.
Harris said in a separate statement that both she and Biden were "calling on Congress" to pass the reforms.
"These popular reforms will help to restore confidence in the Court, strengthen our democracy, and ensure no one is above the law," she said.
Republicans, who control the House of Representatives, declared Biden's Supreme Court plans "dead on arrival."
House Speaker Mike Johnson said the proposal would "tilt the balance of power and erode not only the rule of law, but the American people's faith in our system of justice."
Legal expert Steven Schwinn warned that Biden had a "close to zero" chance of getting the plan through.
But Biden was probably trying to "raise public consciousness" and "introduce the Supreme Court as an election issue," Schwinn, a law professor at the University of Illinois Chicago, told AFP.
The Supreme Court, with a 6-3 conservative majority, plays an outsize role in determining the lives of ordinary Americans in everything from reproductive health to the environment.
Trump appointed three justices during his 2017-2021 presidency and Democrats have warned that with a second term he would be able to name even more.
Biden had previously resisted calls to overhaul the court but has changed his mind after it dealt several blows to his policies in recent years.
The court stunned the world when it overturned the 1973 Roe v Wade ruling that had underpinned the federal right to abortion. At least 20 states have now brought in full or partial abortion bans.
It has rolled back the power of federal agencies, blocked Biden's signature student debt forgiveness plan, and partially ruled in early July in favor of Trump's immunity claims.
Trump is now using that ruling to challenge his recent criminal conviction in a porn star-hush money case and a series of other prosecutions.
Meanwhile, the Supreme Court has been rocked by ethics scandals involving arch-conservative justices.
Justice Clarence Thomas recently admitted that two luxury vacations he took in 2019 were paid for by a billionaire Republican political donor.
Thomas, the longest-service justice on the court, has also ignored calls to recuse himself from cases related to the 2020 election, after his wife took part in the drive to keep Trump in power despite his electoral loss.
And Justice Samuel Alito has rejected calls to recuse himself from some Trump-related cases after flags linked to the former president's false election fraud claims were discovered to have been flown outside his home and vacation property.
