The U.S. Justice Department claimed Google pays $10 billion annually to tech giants like Apple to protect its dominance over online search.
The accusation came on the opening day of a landmark trial that is the biggest antitrust case in the United States in over two decades.
"This case is about the future of the internet and whether Google will ever face meaningful competition in search," said Justice Department lawyer Kenneth Dintzer as the United States government began making its case against the tech titan.
Over 10 weeks and with dozens of witnesses called to the bar, Google will try to persuade Judge Amit P. Mehta that the case brought by the Department of Justice is without merit.
"Google has for decades innovated and improved its search engine, plaintiffs escape this inescapable truth," Google's lawyer John Schmidtlein argued before the court.
Held in a Washington courtroom, the trial is the first time U.S. prosecutors have tackled a big tech company head-on since Microsoft was targeted over two decades ago over the dominance of its Windows operating system.
"Even for Washington DC, I think we have the highest concentration of blue suits in any location here today," Mehta joked, observing the dozens of lawyers packed into his courtroom.
The Google case centers on the government's contention that the tech titan unfairly gained its domination of online search by forging exclusivity contracts with device makers, mobile operators and other companies that left rivals no chance to compete.
Dintzer told Judge Mehta that Google pays out $10 billion every year to Apple and others to secure its search engine default status on phones and web browsers, thereby burying upstarts before they have a chance to grow.
Over the past decade, this created what the government calls a "feedback loop" in which Google's dominance grew ever bigger because of its monopolist access to user data that rivals could never match.
"Through this feedback loop, this wheel has been turning for over 12 years. It always turns to Google's advantage," Dintzer said.
That dominance has made Google parent Alphabet one of the world's richest companies, with search ads generating nearly 60 percent of the company's revenue, dwarfing income from other activities such as YouTube or Android phones.
"We will track what Google did to maintain its monopoly... It's not about what it could have done or should have done, it's about what they did," Dintzer told the court.
Google firmly rejected the U.S. case saying that its search engine was successful because of its quality and the huge investments made over the years.
"This court cannot intervene in the market and say 'Google you are not allowed to compete.' That is anathema to US antitrust law," Google's Schmidtlein said.
Schmidtlein insisted that testimony from executives at Apple and others will demonstrate that Google won the coveted default status on iPhone and browsers "on the merits."
The biggest alleged victims in the case are rival search engines that have yet to eke out a meaningful market share for search or search ads against Google, like Microsoft's Bing and DuckDuckGo.
Google remains the world's go-to search engine, capturing 90 percent of the market in the United States and across the globe, much of which comes through mobile usage on iPhones and phones running on Google-owned Android.
Mehta's ruling is expected many months after the roughly three months of hearings.
He could dismiss the government's arguments or order drastic remedial action such as a breakup of Google's businesses or a revamp of the way it operates.
Whatever the outcome, the ruling will almost certainly be appealed by either side, potentially dragging the case on for years.
Launched in 1998, Washington's case against Microsoft ended in a settlement in 2001 after an appeal reversed an order that the company be split up.
