"Wall Street didn’t build this country. The great middle class built this country," U.S. President Joe Biden said late Wednesday during his call for a dramatic and permanent shift in the direction of the U.S. economy with a roughly $2 trillion package to invest in traditional projects like roads and bridges alongside tackling climate change and boosting human services like elder care.

"I am proposing a plan that rewards work, not just rewards wealth," he said.

Outlining the details of the plan, the president said: "The American Jobs Plan will modernize 20,000 miles of highways, railroads, main streets that are in difficult shape now."

The president also drew attention to the U.S.' ailing water infrastructure. "More than 10 million homes in America and more than 400,000 schools and child care centers have lead-based pipes to get their water from, including drinking water. According to scientists, there is no safe exposure to lead for a child," he said.

Biden proclaimed that the early internet had been invented in the U.S. but noted that millions of Americans and 35% of rural America do not have internet access, highlighting the importance of the internet during the pandemic.

"American Jobs Plan is the biggest increase in our non-federal, non-defense R&D spending on record; it will boost America’s innovative edge in markets where global leadership is up for grabs," he underlined, pointing to biotech, computer chips, clean energy and competition with China in particular.

Biden also drew attention to big companies evading paying taxes, noting that 83% of the funds from Trump's tax bill went to the 1%.

Biden drew attention to a review that showed that in 2019, 91 Fortune 500 companies "including Amazon" used loopholes to avoid paying a penny in federal income tax as farmers pay 22%. But did note that he did not want to "punish" those who used the loopholes.

"We are establishing global minimum tax for U.S. corporations at 21% to level the international playing field, that alone will raise $1 trillion over 15 years."

Within the scope of his plan, Biden also aims to put corporate America on the hook for the tab, which is expected to grow to a combined $4 trillion once he rolls out the second part of his economic plan in April.

Coupled with his recently enacted $1.9 trillion coronavirus relief package, Biden's infrastructure initiative would give the federal government a bigger role in the U.S. economy than it has had in generations, accounting for 20% or more of annual output.

The effort, to be announced on Wednesday at an event in Pittsburgh, sets the stage for the next partisan clash in Congress where members largely agree that capital investments are needed but are divided on the total size and inclusion of programs traditionally seen as social services. How to pay for them will be a fractious issue in its own right.

Biden is ignoring a campaign promise to raise taxes on wealthy individuals, at least for now, with none of the expected increases in the top marginal rate or capital gains tax.

The plan would instead increase the corporate tax rate to 28% from 21% and change the tax code to close loopholes that allow companies to move profits overseas, according to a 25-page briefing paper released by the White House.

The plan would spread the cost for projects over an eight-year period and aims to pay for it all over 15 years, a senior administration official said.

Neil Bradley, executive vice president and chief policy officer at the nation's largest trade group, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, said while the organization shares Biden's sense of urgency on infrastructure, his plan is "dangerously misguided."

"We strongly oppose the general tax increases proposed by the administration which will slow the economic recovery and make the U.S. less competitive globally – the exact opposite of the goals of the infrastructure plan," Bradley said.

The plan includes $621 billion to rebuild infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, highways and ports, and a historic $174 billion investment in the electric vehicle market that sets a goal of a nationwide charging network by 2030.

In many cases, the White House cast those goals in the language of addressing economic inequities born of historic racial discrimination, such as spending on interstate highway developments that split communities of color or air pollution that affects Black and Hispanic communities near ports or power plants.

Congress will also be asked to put $400 billion toward expanding access to affordable home or community-based care for aging Americans and people with disabilities. It's aimed at "underpaid and undervalued" workers in that industry, who are disproportionately women of color.

There is $213 billion provided to build and retrofit affordable and sustainable homes along with hundreds of billions to support U.S. manufacturing, bolster the nation’s electric grid, enact nationwide high-speed broadband and revamp the nation’s water systems to ensure clean drinking water.

Second legislative package underway

Biden is moving forward with the massive job and infrastructure effort as he navigates an ambitious timeline to provide enough COVID-19 vaccines for all adults by the end of May and the deployment of pandemic relief.

The White House is also dealing with a rise in the number of migrants at the southern border, the fallout from back-to-back mass shootings and a looming showdown over the Senate filibuster.

The plan forms one part of the "Build Back Better" agenda that the administration aims to introduce. The White House has said a second legislative package is due within weeks.

That package is expected to include an expansion in health insurance coverage, an extension of the expanded child tax benefit, and paid family and medical leave, among other efforts aimed at families.

House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi has signaled that she hopes to pass the infrastructure plan by July 4, though that timeline could easily slip as Democrats race to write the legislation and agree on details.

The jockeying has already begun, as allies push for the inclusion of their priorities and Republicans signal early concerns about the package's size and scope.

Moderate Democrats have said the package should be more targeted to traditional infrastructure projects to attract Republican votes, seeking a return to bipartisan policymaking.

Liberal lawmakers want to use the party's slim majorities in Congress to tackle some of the nation’s biggest problems, such as climate change and economic inequality, with resources that reflect the size of those challenges.

Representative Pramila Jayapal, a leading progressive Democrat, said on Tuesday that outside groups like Americans for Tax Fairness pegged the infrastructure and jobs plan that Biden rolled out on the campaign trail at between $6.5 trillion and $11 trillion over 10 years.

"We'd like to see a plan that goes big," Jayapal said. "We really think that there's ample room to get the overall number up to somewhere in that range in order to really tackle the scale of investments that we need to make."

Republican Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, the minority leader, suggested he was unlikely to support the package in the form being proposed by the White House.

"If it’s going to have massive tax increases and trillions more added to the national debt, it’s not likely," he said on Wednesday.