Spring World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) meetings are set to get underway this week, with an ambitious reform and fundraising agenda likely to be overshadowed by concerns over high inflation, rising geopolitical tension and financial stability.
"Growth remains historically weak – now and in the medium term," IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva said during a speech last week.
The fund expects global growth to fall below 3% this year and remain close to 3% for the next half a decade – its lowest medium-term prediction since the 1990s.
This year, nearly 90% of the world's advanced economies will experience slowing growth. At the same time, Asia's emerging markets are expected to see a substantial rise in economic output – with India and China predicted to account for half of all growth, she said.
Low-income countries are expected to suffer a double shock from higher borrowing costs and a decline in export demand, which Georgieva said could fuel poverty and hunger to increase.
Updated growth projections published in the IMF's World Economic Outlook on Tuesday will provide a broader look at how different countries are coping. Additional publications will detail fiscal and financial challenges to the global economy.
This year's spring meeting will be held against the backdrop of high inflation and ongoing concerns about the banking sector's health following the dramatic collapse of Silicon Valley Bank.
Georgieva told Agence France-Presse (AFP) last week that central banks should continue battling high inflation through interest-rate hikes, despite concerns that it could further inflame the banking sector.
"We don't envisage, at this point, central banks stepping back from fighting inflation," she said during an interview on Thursday.
"Central banks still have to prioritize fighting inflation and then supporting, through different instruments, financial stability," she said.
Ahead of the spring meetings, the IMF and World Bank also called on wealthier countries to help plug a $1.6-billion hole in a concessional lending facility for low-income countries that were heavily used during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Many low-income countries are now facing mounting debt burdens due in part to the higher interest-rate environment.
The spring meeting also provides an opportunity to make progress on an ambitious U.S.-backed agenda to reform the World Bank. Hence, it is better prepared to tackle long-term issues like climate change.
U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen told AFP in an interview that member states will agree to update the World Bank's mission statement to include "building resilience against climate change, pandemics, and conflict and fragility" to its core goals.
Yellen also expects an agreement to "significantly" stretch the World Bank's financial capacity, which "could result in an additional $50 billion in extra lending capacity over the next decade."
The changes will likely fall to the bank's next president to implement, with current World Bank chief David Malpass due to step down early from a tenure marked by concerns over his position on climate change.
Malpass is widely expected to be replaced by U.S.-backed former Mastercard chief Ajay Banga, the only person nominated for the position.
