The UN Security Council is weighing a draft resolution that would pressure Myanmar to address the violence that has driven hundreds of thousands of Rohingya Muslims to flee, according to the text obtained on Wednesday.
The proposed resolution drafted by Britain and France would call on Myanmar authorities to "immediately cease military operations" and allow refugees now living in makeshift camps in Bangladesh to return.
The six-page text does not threaten sanctions but lays out a series of concrete demands.
Diplomats, however, said the draft resolution, which would be the first formal response from the top UN body, faces strong opposition from China and they expect tough negotiations ahead to reach an agreement.
"The Chinese are not on board," said a Security Council diplomat, who spoke on condition of anonymity. "They want us to say nothing and do nothing on this issue."
China, a supporter of Myanmar's former ruling junta, maintains that it is using private channels to pass on the message that the violence must end and the refugee crisis addressed, according to diplomats.
Since late August, more than 600,000 Rohingya have fled an army campaign in Myanmar's Rakhine state that the United Nations has denounced as ethnic cleansing.
Myanmar authorities say the military operation is aimed at rooting out Rohingya militants who staged attacks on police posts two months ago.
- A list of demands -
The draft resolution condemns the violence in Rakhine state and attacks by Rohingya militants, while expressing "grave concern that the Myanmar security forces and vigilantes have been responsible for human rights violations and abuses."
It calls on Myanmar to allow humanitarian aid workers to have safe access to Rakhine state, where the Rohingya who managed to escape the army campaign are now fleeing dire food shortages.
The draft resolution also demands that UN rights investigators be allowed access to Rakhine to report on allegations of atrocities and calls for the appointment of a UN special advisor on Myanmar.
It urges Myanmar to implement the recommendations of a commission led by former UN chief Kofi Annan that said the Rohingya should be granted citizenship rights.
The 1.1 million Rohingya have faced decades of discrimination in Buddhist-majority Myanmar and been denied citizenship since 1982, which has effectively rendered them stateless.
Rights groups have accused the Security Council of dragging its feet on Myanmar and are calling for tougher measures such as an arms embargo and targeted sanctions against those responsible for the attacks against the Rohingya.
A recent report by the UN human rights office accused Myanmar of seeking to permanently expel the Rohingya, by planting land mines at the border with Bangladesh where the refugees are sheltering.
UN rights officials spoke to refugees who gave accounts of soldiers surrounding homes and firing indiscriminately as residents ran for their lives, and of uniformed men gang-raping women and girls.